Which action is required for a treaty to become binding on the United States?

Which action is required for a treaty to become binding on the United States?

• A. Senate approval is required for a treaty
• B. Executive order is required
• C. The House must approve
• D. The President decides alone

Answer: (A)

The crucial idea is that a treaty becomes binding on the United States only after the Senate formally approves it. The Constitution gives the President the power to negotiate treaties, but it requires the Senate to provide advice and consent, and a two-thirds vote is needed for ratification. Once the Senate gives its consent and the President signs, the treaty is binding internationally and, depending on its terms, may also become part of domestic law (with or without additional implementing legislation). The House does not participate in treaty approval, and an executive order cannot create a treaty binding on the United States. The President cannot bind the country by himself without Senate consent.